Critical Analysis of Hills Like White Elephants free essay sample

Mikhail Shimonov Professor Kaufman March 28, 2011 Critical Analysis of Hills like White Elephants from the get go, Hills like White Elephants by Ernest Hemingway, may suggest numerous translations, in any case, the short story has an unmistakable reason. Set in the Ebro River valley in Spain, the story lingers around the issue delivered by Jig and the American, who is anonymous all through the entire story. The issue here being the ‘simple operation’ that Jig is going to experience which happens to be an abortion.Set in the mid 1920s, the possibility of fetus removal is as nonsensical and dubious as today’s progressing banter over gay marriage. Despite the fact that the term premature birth is never utilized in the story, the symbolism Hemingway utilizes alongside the language and conduct of the characters gives path for one clarification †Jig is getting a fetus removal. Of the numerous images Hemingway utilizes, the topic of fetus removal is obvious in the trinket slopes that have the â€Å"coloring of †¦ skin through the trees† (Hemingway, 1). The white slopes, as portrayed in the setting, matches a pregnant lady lying on her back with the slopes being comparative with the belly. Furthermore, the white shade of the slopes would speak to the virtue of the unborn youngster the lady bears. Moreover, the fields of grain and trees along the waterway would speak to the richness that the lady encapsulates all through the story. Her body being the rich land on which the white slopes were. The trees along the slopes being the misshaping variable of her mentality on proceeding with the premature birth as the American continue all through the story.The longer they talk about it, the more it gets evident to the peruser that the young lady is getting progressively upset with the discussion and how simple the American is making the activity to be. During the discussion of the American and the lady, the man is continually squeezing Jig to recognize that the activity is basic and is just â€Å"to let the air in† (2). These comments play on the subject giving the ramifications of premature birth and its crude beginnings in the mid 1900s.As the story advances, the woman’s understanding and possible assessment is influenced to and fro with her musings on whether she should concentrate on keeping the American upbeat or keep up a personal circumstance as the American keeps squeezing for the activity. During the story, in any case, the American states to the lady â€Å"if you don’t need to you don’t need to. I wouldn’t have you do it on the off chance that you didn’t need to†, all things considered, he in the long run finishes up with â€Å"But I know it’s impeccably simple† (2).The end to his announcement gives the peruser a feeling that the American, albeit overall quite mindful, he is essentially considering how his life would go to a quick stop after the infant is conceived. It is obvious from â€Å"the packs against the mass of the station †¦ [with] names on them from all the lodgings where they had spent nights† that the two of them jumped at the chance to travel, drink, and have a good time †the life of a youthful couple (3). Notwithstanding, it is clarifies sense regarding why the American would need to push for the fetus removal presently considerably more so realizing that he makes the most of his current lifestyle.This is basically his objective and his thought process in convincing her proceed with the premature birth, and her being credulous and shortsighted, she would be influenced simple by his words, inasmuch as â€Å"he is happy† as she states incalculably all through their discussion (2). As expressed in the start of the story, he has just yielded much for her: the steady uneasiness with having the youngster, and his objective to appreciate a beverage of absinthe, which probably possesses a flavor like licorice (1-3). Towards the finish of the story, her choices start to tight to just two: either have the fetus removal or live with the child.This is foreshadowed impeccably in the start of the short story with the station being â€Å"between two lines of rails in the sun† †one coordinating towards labor, while the other track managing to prematurely end (1). Gone up against with two determinations with a man pushing for you to take one over the different considers a climactic closure †one that isn't uncovered. Thusly, one can likewise say that she was inclining in the Americans cause for she was drinking liquor †a known subordinate of an unfortunate kid †a youngster taking after the â€Å"shadow of a cloud moving over the field of grain† (2). At last, Hills like White Elephants has clear portrayals alluding to whether the story is about fetus removal or not. From the different ramifications concerning the reality of their concern to how the images gave in the story all identify with virtue and fruitfulness. In light of Jig’s hard choice to pick, one can perceive how the character of Jig can be exceptionally pregnant and really influenced by the activity that is professed to be straightforward by the American.The American, pushing her since he has a motivation †his previous lifestyle, wouldn't like to change an incredible temperament. The drinking, the voyaging, the touring †all gone in the event that she decides to remain with the kid. In spite of the fact that the term fetus removal is rarely expressed, Hemingway could have decided to exclude the word to make a more grounded story, expanding antagonistic vibe among perusers. Works Cited Hemingway, Ernest. Slopes Like White Elephants. Scribd. Web. 28 Mar. 2011. http://www. scribd. com/doc/94569/Hills-Like-White-Elephants.

Reshaping Toledo The physical and symbolic transformation of the Essay

Reshaping Toledo The physical and representative change of the medieval city after the Christian success of 1085 - Essay Example This paper not just focuses on the physical examples that experienced changes during the transitional period, yet additionally centers around the few changes which cast their solid impacts in human mind of this spot. It discusses the historical backdrop of the city itself, the quintessential parts of its change as the centuries progressed, the impact of repopulation of the al-Andalusia district during the long stretches of the Reconquista and the individuals speaking to a huge mixture of different societies and doctrines, to be specific Christians, the Muslims and the Jewish minorities, who possessed the city. The city being one of the most happening communities of physical, strict and social change has been the enthusiasm of countless archeologists and students of history, who attempted to draw out the unpretentious tones of shading speaking to the slow change in the idea of the city, the viewpoint of the individuals and their social remaining concerning one another. This is a reality that these progressions affected over an extensive stretch of time all through the rule of Alfonso VI and proceeding with repercussions gradually granted the last tones of shading to the city whose follows can be connected even today. On the off chance that we hindsight the whole history of medieval Spain and not simply the city of Toledo, which was a basic piece of the al-Andalus administered by the Islamic matchless quality and the Berber systems of Almohads and Almoravids, we would secure a story of both abuse and resilience all through the whole time of progress from the Islamic incomparability to Christ ian force. The annals that record this change additionally talks about the moderate change in the lives of the individuals, the Christians and the Muslims alongside the minorities, for the most part the Jews, on the grounds that reshaping of the city was likewise achieved by the adjustments in the strict and social situation. It prompted the blending of various ceremonial practices among the Spanish populace. This paper will concentrate on the Spanish medieval history when every one of these changes occurred bringing forth a multicultural milieu of Toledo. Reshaping Toledo is the fundamental subject of this paper. All through the conversation, we will attempt to analyze in what sense the city was reshaped. There are various ways of thinking who have expressed various things on whether the Muslim time in Toledo had its genuine impact. This paper will likewise illuminate whether the Christian period after Reconquest in the city had the option to carry significant changes to the city s ituation. Recovering the control over Spanish states was an incredible accomplishment for the Christians, however our conversation will attempt to assess this present rule's real effects on the physical, strict and emblematic parts of Toledo. It may be noticed that Medieval Spain experienced a few torments as the Christians appeared a steady battle to secure force from the hand of Muslims. The Spanish war zone stayed an occurrence place all through the medieval time and the campaign began exactly when the Muslims had their control practically all through the Western Europe. European landmass was governed by the Muslims from the earliest starting point of the eighth century and they kept spreading until frustrated by the adventures of Charles the Hammer. Destruction of the Muslim force in the Pyrenees brought about their settlement in the

1st Year at MIT

1st Year at MIT Hey guys, I first want to start off by apologizing for not being around recently. However, I will make it up to you guys over this summer and into the next year. I have a ton of plans to make sure you guys know whats going on both in my life and in MIT at general! (and one day I will get a camera so these videos wont have such terrible quaility lol). So just in case you dont want to watch the entire video here are a few thumbnails on different subjects! Classes- 2:14 Bio- 3:20 Chinese- 6:10 Math- 10:25 living- 13:25 cooking- 14:50 PE- 18:00 UROP- 20:00 Chinese summer culture program- 25:22 Finals/general tips- 27:30 So if you decided you dont want to watch the video I do want to write a little bit more about what my first year here was like. In the video I skipped explaining a few classes that I took this past year, so I want to explain those a little bit more here. So, one of the classes that I feel I did really enjoy here was 5.111, fundamentals of chemical principles. I think the thing I really enjoyed about this class was its ability to make sure you didnt feel like you were just retaking AP chem. For me I feel like there were a lot of concepts that I had at least looked at before, but almost none of them in as much detail as we looked at in class here. I think by taking AP chem before it did help me as far as being able to recognize concepts, but I do feel that even if you hadnt taken AP chem you would not feel left out. The class has a nice balance of new information combined with enough old information that I never felt too lost. This year I also took 8.01 and 8.02. Though they are both physics I think I looked at each one in a completely different way. 8.01 I think I felt I had done before in AP Physics C as well as the fact that it was Pass no Record so I did not spend a lot of time studying for that class. However, as usual that was a terrible idea. At the end of the first semester I had to scramble a lot to make sure I could keep up with the class, and because of that I feel like I did not enjoy the class as much as I would have given that I had just started studying from the very beginning. However, when 8.02 did come around I think I was more ready, I knew what to expect and because of that not only did I find the class to be a little bit easier I think I just enjoyed it more overall! Lastly, I had my CI-H which I actually loved a ton! It was basically just a writing class on how to write an autobiography. So we for every class there was a few pages we would have to read from different autobiographical authors, and then we would talk about them in class. As with most CI-H classes, we were required to write three papers that totaled to 5000 words. I think the class was nice because of the fact that I had so much room to really write about anything, and for the most part I feel that my best writing comes when I really care a lot about the subject. I obviously care a lot about the events that have occurred in my life time so I feel some really good writing came out of that class. This year I also joined a Christian group on campus. ACF or Asian Christian Fellowship, how I ended up in that club as an obviously not Asian student is a wholeeee story on its own (Hopefully I can write a blog about it sometime soon). Either way, in joining the club I think I was able to make a very good group of friends there as well as continue to follow my religious beliefs. The group is super open to anyone and are probably some of the most genuine people I have met since coming to MIT. For the most part I spend about three days with ACF, one on Sunday going to church, another on Wednesday going to my small group, and the third on Friday going to large group. From time to time we also just go get food together or go to the movies, but all in all it is an amazing group and if anyone else would like a little more on what the religious groups are or what it is like being Christian on campus I can definitely do a blog post on that too! When it comes to just what I did in my free time there was a ton of things to do. I was on TV once (again a whole other story in its own right), there are parties literally every Friday that I would go to maybe once every other week or so, going to the movies was a pretty popular past time, and then there were things like going to dinner or China town. All in all, I feel like when I had time to do these things I had balance. It felt good to do these things because I felt like I was not working 24/7. I would say free time definitely would arise the most on Saturdays. Fridays, I either went to a party or was just too tired from the week to want to go out and do something. However, on Saturday I felt that I had enough time to both get some psets done, and still do something else. I would like to say that I had free time after an exam, but more often than not I would spend so much time studying for that one exam that I would get behind on psets. So, after the exam I would have to hop on getting the psets that I had fallen behind on done. Either way, it is always possible to be working on something at any given time, but if you consciously try to put aside some time to be free it is definitely doable. So yeah, that is about all I have for you guys on my first year. Think of this blog as kind of a predraft. If there is something you want some more of I can definitely try to add it, and if I dont add it I will either respond to you on a one on one or maybe write a separate blog post for the subject!!! Have a great summer guys and see you all soon!!!

Ghandi and His Fight Agains Discrimination in South Africa...

Gandhi is considered by many around the world as the father of the Indian independence movement. Gandhi spent over 20 years in South Africa working to fight discrimination. It was in South Africa that he developed his concept of Satyagraha, a non-violent way of protesting against discrimination. The first time Gandhi used Satyagraha was in South Africa beginning in 1907 when he organized opposition to the Black Act. In 1907, the Black Act was passed, requiring all Indians to keep registration documents on them at all times. Gandhi’s first hand experiences in dealing with discrimination began in South Africa. In Chapter VII ‘Some Experiences,’ Gandhi recalls on his first days of his arrival the incident at the Durban court†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ËœYou must leave this compartment, or else I shall have to call a police constable to push you out.’ ‘Yes, you may. I refuse to get out voluntarily.’† This incident began his life long battle against all discriminations. Although he debated returning to India, his duty came first. â€Å"It would be cowardice to run back to India without fulfilling my obligation. The hardship to which I was subjected was superficial-only a symptom of the deep disease of colour prejudice. I should try, if possible, to root out the disease and suffer hardships in the process. Redress for wrongs I should seek only to the extent that would be necessary for the removal of the colour prejudice.† Gandhi also faced the same discrimination on a coach from Johannesburg to Charlestown, and learned the racial condescension of the racial slur - coolie. A coolie is a historical term for manual labourers and a racial slur. The term was used in America towards the Chinese workers that built the railroad during the 19th and early 20th century and toward the Indians indentured laborers. On the coach, a white passenger did not want a ‘coolie’ sitting inside with the other whites. Instead, he insisted that Gandhi sit on the floor at his feet on a sack. When Gandhi refused, the man physically assaulted him – â€Å"the man came down upon me and began heavily to box my ear. He seized me by the arm and tried to drag me down. I clung to the brassShow MoreRelatedGhandi: An Exemplary Leader Essay931 Words   |  4 Pages Ghandi was a man with no official title who led his country to freedom because he stood up for his core beliefs. He saw value in those who needed his help, and was beloved by his followers. Great dignitaries paid homage to Ghandi after his death for the honor he brought to his country. How would you describe Gandhi’s leadership style? Provide specific examples. Ghandi proved himself to be an exceptional leader. The first leadership style theory that relates to Ghandi is the born again leaderRead MoreMahatma Gandhi : A Leader Of India s Independence Movement1230 Words   |  5 Pagesof the British Empire. He was assassinated on January 30, 1948. His father, Karamchand Ghandi served as a chief minister and his mother Putlibai was deeply religious. Gandhi grew up worshipping the Hindu god Vishnu and followed Jainism, a morally rigorous ancient Indian religion that espoused non-violence, fasting, meditation and vegetarianism. At the age of 13 Gandhi married a merchants daughter, in an arranged marriage. After his father’s death, Gandhi’s family sent him to England in 1888 to studyRead MoreAnalysis Of Mahatma Gandhi : A Lesson In Servant Leadership1184 Words   |  5 Pagesservant leader thinks of the needs of others when they are leading. So loved was Mr. Gandhi that he became known as Mahatma Ghandi. According to Google, Mahat ma is defined as â€Å"a person regarded with reverence or loving respect; a holy person or a sage† (Unknown, Definition of Mahatma). Mahatma Gandhi tried to unify his native India strictly by using non-violent methods. His birthday, October 2nd, is a national holiday in India and, according to the United Nations website, is the international dayRead MoreSocial Movement Synopsis Of Mahatma Gandhi3401 Words   |  14 Pagesindependence movement when India was ruled by Britain. Gandhi led India to independence using nonviolent civil disobedience tactics, and movement laid a foundation for civil rights and freedoms across the world. He believed in using nonviolent actions in his fight for India’s independence and created the term â€Å"satyagraha,† which means â€Å"truth and love against force.† Gandhi believed violence would not just hurt one’s enemies but also oneself, which is why using nonviolence was essential to strengthen and purifyRead More Imperialism Question2012 Words   |  9 PagesEuropean model? How successful was he? Muhammad Ali’s goal was to establish a powerful, European-style state.[18] To do that, he had to reorganize Egyptian society, streamline the economy, train a professional bureaucracy, and build a modern military. His first task was to secure a revenue stream for Egypt. To accomplish this, Muhammad Ali ‘nationalized’ all the land of Egypt, thereby officially owning all the production of the land. He accomplished the state annexation of property by raising taxes onRead MoreThe Partition Of India And India2937 Words   |  12 Pagesanticolonial elites in the Indian National Congress Party began to negotiate about a peaceful transfer of power from the British. WWII caused a crisis in relations between the British, the Muslim League, and Indian National Conference (Hindu-dominated). Ghandi was the leading figure of the INC. He advocated for a unified Hindu and Muslim Indian, but ot her officials however disagreed about what kind of independent state India should have. The Hindus were the majority, and the Muslims were the minority. There

Aristotle vs. Copernicus - 1501 Words

Aristotle vs. Copernicus Aristotle was a Greek philosopher and scientist, who shared with Plato the distinction of being the most famous of ancient philosophers. Aristotle was born at Stagira, in Macedonia, the son of a physician to the royal court. At the age of 17, he went to Athens to study at Platos Academy. He remained there for about 20 years, as a student and then as a teacher. When Plato died in 347 bc , Aristotle moved to Assos, a city in Asia Minor, where a friend of his, Hermias (d. 345 bc ), was ruler. There he counseled Hermias and married his niece and adopted daughter, Pythias. After Hermias was captured and executed by the Persians, Aristotle went to Pella, the Macedonian capital, where he became the tutor of the kings†¦show more content†¦The Prime Mover, or God, described by Aristotle is not very suitable for religious purposes, as many later philosophers and theologians have observed. Aristotle limited his theology, however, to what he believed science requires and can establish. Many, many years after Aristotle died, a Polish astronomer named Nicolaus Copernicus, formulated his own theories about best known for his astronomical theory that the sun is at rest near the center of the universe, and that the earth, spinning on its axis once daily, revolves annually around the sun. This is called the heliocentric, or sun-centered, system. In 1500 Copernicus lectured on astronomy in Rome. The following year he gained permission to study medicine at Padua, the university where Galileo taught nearly a century later. It was not unusual at the time to study a subject at one university and then to receive a degree from another-often less expensive-institution. And so Copernicus, without completing his medical studies, received a doctorate in canon law from Ferrara in 1503 and then returned to Poland to take up his administrative duties. After moving to Frauenburg in 1512, Copernicus took part in the Fifth Lateran Councils commission on calendar reform (1515); wrote a treatise on money (1517); and began his major work, De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres), which was finished by 1530 but firstShow MoreRelatedThe Scientific Revolution Essay1165 Words   |  5 Pagesby both Aristotle and Copernicus, one must consider the circumstances under which these men lived to understand the differences. The most obvious of these is the time in history. Aristotle came almost 2000 years earlier in the astronomy field. While Copernicus had set out to glorify the great religion of his time, Aristotles views came 200 years before Christ was even born! 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Aristotle was the first to distinguishRead MoreEssay about History of Nature and Nurture1866 Words   |  8 PagesAbstract Nature vs. nurture has been discussed by philosophers in the past and by scientists most recently. Philosophers such as Plato argued that all knowledge was inherited through your parent and when you were told something you didnt learn it you were just reminded of it. Aristotle however argued that all humans were born with a blank slate and built on it with influence from there environment. In the 1700s the empiricists and the internalists took over the argument. They fought through lettersRead More Nature vs. Nurture Essay1836 Words   |  8 PagesAbstract Nature vs. nurture has been discussed by philosophers in the past and by scientists more recently. Philosophers such as Plato argued that all knowledge was inherited from your parents and when you were told something you didn’t learn it you were just reminded of it. Aristotle however argued that all humans were born with a blank slate and built on it with influence from there environment. In the 1700’s the empiricists and the internalists took over the argument. They fought through lettersRead MoreThe Theory of Everything Book Report2605 Words   |  11 Pagestheory as that of the Vikings would be seen as absurd in today’s time, and it was for this absurdity that drove people such as Aristotle to uncover the truth. Aristotle (384 BCE – 322 BCE) was one of the first major scientists of the human race. Until Aristotle, people had thought that the earth was flat, and that if you ventured too far, you would fall off of it. Aristotle discovered that by looking at the Earth’s shadow on the moon and seeing it to be round, the Earth must be a sphere, rather thanRead MoreEssay on The Positive Relationship Between Science and Religion6961 Words   |  28 PagesPositive Relationship Between Science and Religion Introduction: Throughout history we can find many instances where religion was strongly opposed to scientific research. For example, the Catholic Church’s objection to Galileo’s defense of Copernicus’ heliocentric model where he offered his observations that he felt furthered the theory that the planets revolved around the Sun. At that time, the belief that the Holy Scriptures were perhaps inaccurate was one thing, but attempting to confirm

PG Grooming Performance Free Essays

PENETRATION RATE OF MAIN PLAYERS IN BR MARKET In 2011, the whole BR market penetration sunk into a sap situation, the penetration of the whole market by itself dropped from 43. 5to 41. 6(%). We will write a custom essay sample on PG Grooming Performance or any similar topic only for you Order Now The penetration rate of PG in year 2011 decreased by 8. 3% compared with that in 2010, and continued a downside trend by the first quarter of 2012 by 7. 5%. Compared with BIC, who increased 5. 8 % penetration in 2011 followed by a 10. 9% drop by 1st quarter of 2012, ENEGIZER first 1. 8% drop followed by a continuous 9. 8% drop, and other retailed brand which decreased by 9. % followed by another downturn of 9%, PG in its BR area did not do well in gaining potential customers during 2011. And looked more precisely in specific products of PG, as the chart shows below, despite some badly performance products , there are still some products doing well in 2011, for example, the best performance products are PROGLIDE MANUAL and PROGLIDE POWER, which were newly trade-up in 2011 and caught the most new consumers during one year and still promise an increasing trend. G2 also did well in 2011, making an increase of 35 penetration points both in male system and male system blades. Moreover, despite the penetration decrease in male system and male system blades, MACH 3 made an increase of 5 and 33 in penetration points in male razors and disposables respectively. In contrast, FUSION series were all losing power to attract new customers, substantially, FUSION MANUAL dropped 32 penetration points in male system , 27 in male sys blades , and 14 in male razors, what’s worse than that, FUSION POWER lost nearly 40 points in male system, 34 in male sys blades and almost 69 in male razors. CONTOUR also faced a 15-point- decrease, and SENSOR 3 dropped 5 points each in male system and male system blades. Some of the products are losing attractiveness to new customers partly because the trade-up products are replacing their positions in the market, for instance, ever since BLUE 3 marched into the market, it enjoyed a 8 points’ increase in penetration while BLUE 2 faced a responding decrease of as many as 17 penetration points in the market, therefore for these products staying still may make them sifted out, either upgrade the functions or accelerate the renewal may save those products from continuing losing customers. PENETRATION POINT IN 2011 VS YAG | MALE SYSTEM| MALE SYS BLADES| MALE RAZORS| DISPOSABLES| CONTOUR| -15| | | | G2| 35| 35| | | MACH3| -5| -5| 4| 33| SENSOR3| -16| -16| 1| -7| | | | | | FUSION| -8| -4| -9| | FUSION MANUAL| -32| -27| -14| | FUSION POWER| -40| -34| -69| | PROGLIDE MANUAL| 148| 131| 90| | PROGLIDE POWER| 93| 242| 34| | BLUE2| | | | -17| BLUE3| | | | 8| TOTAL| -7| -5| -9| -8| In 2011, PG increased 1 point and 4 points respectively in number of purchase act and the average spending per purchase act in BR disposables compared with that in 2010, while ENERGIZER did not generate any changes in both measurements and BIC increased 12 points in average spending per purchase act and stayed still in purchase act volume. As we can see from the bar chart above, compared with the year before, PG male system and male system blades both increased 2 points in number of purchase acts and 3 in average spending per purchase act(among which PROGLIDE did the best: 32 points and 34 points increase of purchase act number in male system and male sys blades, 27 point’ increase and 50 points’ increase of spending per purchase act in male system and male blades system respectively) while male disposables decreased 2 points in purchase act volume(among which G2 decrease the most: 12 points decrease) but increased 3 points spending /act(among which MACH 3 decreased 18 points while SENSOR 3 increased 12 points), and male razors did the worst performance as it dropped 2 points in purchase volume and 5 points in spending/ act, among which FUSION MANUAL did the worst(23 points decrease in spending per purchase act ). How to cite PG Grooming Performance, Essay examples

Street Car Essays - English-language Films, The Golden Girls

Street Car A Streetcar Named Desire: Thematic Analysis (Time/Adaptation) Nick Michalak ENG 4AO June 15, 1999 Mr. Beckett The theme of time/adaptation is used in Tennessee Williams' play A Streetcar Named Desire. This theme is used to describe the plight of the lead character, Blanche Dubois. Blanche clings to her past as a the only source of real happiness in her life. She refuses to accept that things have changed, and she is not the woman she was ten years ago. Blanche looks down at her sister for accepting a life that is relatively obscure when compared to the posh surroundings they were raised in. Blanche harbors the delusion that she will be rescued by a man who will carry her away from her all of her problems. It is this stubborn refusal to adapt to a new life that causes Blanche's descent into madness. Blanche clings to her past as a the only source of real happiness in her life. She refuses to accept that things have changed, and she is not the woman she was ten years ago. One thing that Blanche will forever dwell upon is her looks. She cannot accept that she is no longer young and beautiful, yet she insists on convincing everyone to the contrary. "You know that I haven't put on one ounce in ten years, Stella? (Pg. 22)" Perhaps it is true that Blanche has not gained any weight, but the fact that she feels the need to brag about it illustrates her own insecurities. Blanche is very insecure about her aging looks, so much so that she feels the need to deceive Mitch, a man she wants to marry. "What it means is I've never had a real good look at you, Blanche. (pg. 116)" Blanche is obsessed with making people see her as the girl she was ten years ago, rather than the aging woman she is today. In her own mind, Blanche has not changed in the past ten years. This shows her refusal to adapt to the present, which is a contributing factor in her inevitable downfall. Blanche looks down at her sister for accepting a life that is relatively obscure when compared to the posh surroundings they were raised in. This is evident from the time Blanche first arrives at Elysian Fields. "They mustn't have?understood?what number I wanted. (pg. 15)" Blanche is in utter disbelief that her sister, whom she still regards as a member of high-society, could reside in a working-class neighborhood. She goes so far as to openly pity her sister for her low-class lifestyle. "Why, that you had to live in these conditions! (pg. 20)" Blanche is insulting Stella's choice of accepting a more common lifestyle. The fact that Blanche looks down at her sister's low-class lifestyle shows that she still regards herself as a high-class individual. Therefore, Blanche is living in a world of fantasy where she has convinced herself that she is the same woman she was when her family was still wealthy and powerful. Blanche harbors the delusion that she will be rescued by a man who will carry her away from all of her problems. She deceives Mitch because she wants to ensure a perfect romance; one free of imperfections such as her face. She confesses to Mitch that she lives in a world of romantic fantasy. "I don't want realism, I want magic! Yes, yes, magic! I try to give that to people. I misrepresent things to them. I don't tell the truth, I tell what ought to be the truth. And if that is sinful, then let me be damned for it! --Don't turn the light on! (pg. 117)" This quote shows that Blanche has begun to lose her mind. She sums up her state of metal-well being by admitting to telling "what ought to be the truth". Blanche also appears frantic when Mitch tries to turn on the light, indicating that she is still very much self-conscious about her looks. When things have fallen apart with Mitch, Blanche resorts to making up an elaborate fantasy to console her. "I received a telegram from an old admirer of mine. (pg. 123)" This is her last attempt to find some sort of happiness before she is committed to the asylum.

Lexical Competence Definition and Examples

Lexical Competence Definition and Examples The ability to produce and understand the words of a language. Lexical competence is an aspect of both linguistic competence and communicative competence. Examples and Observations Anna GoyDuring the last decade or so more and more philosophers, linguists, psychologists, and computer scientists have become convinced that no complete account of our competence in the domain of word meaning can be given without a link between language and perception (Jackendoff, 1987; Landau Jackendoff, 1993; Harnad, 1993; Marconi, 1994). Moreover, it has been claimed that the boundary between lexical and encyclopaedic knowledge is not clear cut (or may be completely absent): the way we use, perceive and conceptualise objects is part of a kind of knowledge that not only belongs to our lexical competence, but is precisely what allows us to know the meanings of words and to use them correctly.Diego MarconiWhat does our ability to use words consist of? What kind of knowledge, and which abilities, underlie it?It seemed to me that to be able to use a word is, on the one hand, to have access to a network of connections between that word and other words and linguistic expressions: it is to know that cats are animals, that in order to arrive somewhere one has to move, that an illness is something one may be cured of, and so forth. On the other hand, to be able to use a word is to know how to map lexical items onto the real world, that is, to be capable of both naming (selecting the right word in response to a given object or circumstance) and application (selecting the right object or circumstances in response to a given word). The two abilities are, to a large extent, independent of each other. . . . The former ability can be called inferential, for it underlies our inferential performance (such as, for example, interpreting a general regulation concerning animals as applying to cats); the latter may be called referential. . . .I later discovered, thanks to Glyn Humphreys and other neuro-psychologists, that empirical research on brain-injured persons confirmed, to some extent, the intuitive picture of lexical competence I had been sketching. Inferential and refere ntial abilities appeared to be separate. Paul Miera[D]eveloping good test instruments for evaluating hypotheses about vocabulary development may be more difficult than we have typically supposed. Simply comparing the associations of L2 learners and native speakers, using ad hoc lists of words, as much of the research in this area has done, begins to look like a very unsatisfactory approach to assessing L2 lexical competence. Indeed, blunt research tools of this kind may be intrinsically incapable of evaluating the hypothesis we think we are researching. Careful simulation studies provide a way of testing out the capabilities of these instruments before they are widely used in real experiments.Michael Devitt and Kim SterelnyWhen we talk of an ability to use a name gained at a dubbing or in conversation, we are talking of competence. So competence with the name is simply an ability with it that is gained in a grounding or reference borrowing. Underlying the ability will be causal chains of a certain type that link the name to its bearer. Since the names sense is its property of designating by that type of chain, we could say that, in a psychologically austere way, competence with a name involves grasping its sense. But competence does not require any knowledge about the sense, any knowledge that the sense is the property of designating the bearer by a certain type of causal chain. This sense is largely external to the mind and beyond the ken of the ordinary speaker.

128 Words You Can Use Instead of Very

128 Words You Can Use Instead of Very Developing your professional reputation has a lot to do with the way you communicate with the people around you. The way you communicate can make or break your reputation. Sometimes the smallest things you say can have a drastic impact on how you are perceived. For instance, take the word â€Å"very†. We’ve all used â€Å"very† to describe things. Very big, very small, very good, very powerful, etc. But these are great examples of your language being overly simplistic. Even if you have an advanced degree in English literature, if you use the word â€Å"very† to describe something, then people may perceive you as someone who lacks an advanced understanding of the English language. That being said, we’ve found an infographic detailing 128 words you can use instead of â€Å"very†.   These words should be used in  it’s place  when you are in formal situations  such as the workplace.Source: [ProofReadingServices]

Eastern Philosopher Letter Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Eastern Philosopher Letter - Personal Statement Example You see, Vishnu, you are different in a similar way as I was. You see beyond the immediate; you even surpassed me in some ways, such as your seeing the futility of the way of the ascetics. Your questions regarding them impressed me; I will not forget when you asked me how one can attain enlightenment when continually starving, dirty and begging. You inquired of the balance in your years with me (Moore-Bruder, 2005, p. 499). It is indeed the balance between desire and self-denial that is the key to the detachment that leads to the finer levels of consciousness. There must be an incredible awareness, an ability to see beyond this world our senses recognize and apprehend. The awareness directs the senses, not the other way around; this is where the teaching cannot be transferred from one person to another through words only. Words in and of themselves do not have any intrinsic meaning, yet the way they are delivered has an impact upon the mind that contemplates the words. Each mind is unique in its ability to transcend itself. By adhering to the Eightfold Path, one's mind unfolds and begins to align with nirvana (Moore-Bruder, p. 502). First one must become aware of desires and cravings of the senses, which are the primary receivers of the mind. It is only when the mind is stilled and the senses are fully awake, hence overcoming their cravings, that one can begin to comprehend nirvana. This is what is most difficult to communicate with people, and this is what makes you weary. As we grow and develop, our thoughts and cravings form a unifying force that is very powerful in the physical realm. It is this force that is the fuel of life for most people and they do not or cannot know any different. Once the path to enlightenment, true enlightenment, begins, there is no way back to the limited mind with its busy activities and desires and plots for gaining more and more material things. Power and glory become dust in the winds of time and one can begin to feel separated from humanity as you expressed in your letter. Know that this, too, is an illusion.

Considering censorship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Considering censorship - Essay Example of a community uses in order to maintain community’s values and ideals against real (or imagined) â€Å"bad† effects caused by media and thought to impact negatively on community’s core values and ideals. Typically, media censorship is controversial. That is why one finds strong opponents as well as staunch advocates on both sides. But when has censorship – of whatever form – ever managed to subdue rights to thought, information, and freedom? Indeed, censorship may not only impact, for example, on quality and meaning of a performance in an entertainment show but also on how people think – or made to think – of how and when community’s values and ideals should be, well, protected. Precedents are abundant. The Ed Sullivan Show, a well-known American entertainment show over thirty years (1940’s – 1970’s) provides more than illuminating examples on how censorship can impact on people’s perception of community’s values and ideals. Perhaps Bob Dylan’s response to Ed Sullivan Show’s producers speaks persuasively of an artist’s expression of community’s at large accepted values as opposed to censors’ control on meaning and perception: We fought for the song [â€Å"Talkin John Birch Society Blues"] ... I said I couldnt understand why they [John Birch Society, an extremist right-winged group] were being given such protection. But the network [CBS, where Ed Sullivan Show is aired] turned us down. They told us they understood and sym ­pathized ... but insisted they had previously handled the Birch Society on network news programmes, and couldnt take the subject into entertainment. (qtd. in Inglis 561) Another good example from same show is how producers’ censorship forced The Rolling Stones to drop â€Å"Night† from â€Å"Let’s Spend The Night Together,† making song’s tag line sounds odd given song’s overall meaning. Interestingly, entertainment – of all media shows and programs – impacts human mind in many different ways.

Advantages And Disadvantages In Hospitality

Advantages And Disadvantages In Hospitality Hospitality management is both a field of work and a field of study. In the work sense, it refers to management of hotels, restaurants, travel agencies, and other institutions in the hospitality . As a field of study, it refers to the study of the hospitality industry and its management needs. People who are interested in careers in hospitality management may opt to pursue it as a field of study so that they can start their careers on solid footing.The hospitality industry is vast and very diverse. Any time people travel, stay in a hotel, eat out, go to the movies, and engage in similar activities, they are patronizing establishments in the hospitality industry. The management of such establishments is very challenging, as managers need to be flexible enough to anticipate and meet a wide variety of needs. They must also handle tasks such as training employees, handling staff, setting standards, and so forth. Question 1 Define the term Hospitality Industry and give examples, advantages and disadvantages of their use in the hospitality industry. Answer Question 1 Hospitality industry is one of the largest industries in both global and national contexts. Hospitality industry is service industry that includes lodging, restaurants, theme park, cruise line, event plan and http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Button_hide.pngadditional fields within the tourism industry. The hospitality industry is a several billion dollar industry that mostly depends on the availability of leisure time and disposable income. A hospitality unit such as a restaurant, hotel, or even an amusement park consists of multiple groups such as facility maintenance, direct operations (servers, housekeepers, porters, kitchen workers, bartenders, etc.), management, marketing, and human resources. The hospitality industry covers a wide range of organizations offering food service and accommodation. The industry is divided into sectors according to the skill-sets required for the work involved. Sectors include accommodation, food and beverage, meeting and events, ga ming, entertainment and recreation, tourism services, and visitor information. Examples Accommodations Hotels Motels Restaurants Bars Cafes Nightclubs Public houses Restaurants Travel and Tourism Airline Cabin Staff Travel agents Top of Form Bottom of Form Advantages Advantage in the hospitality sector is that there are a lot of entry level positions available. These junior roles can provide candidates with the relevant experience that is vital to career progression within the industry. Some of these roles include jobs like restaurant assistants, Junior Chefs, Receptionists, Bar Staff and Hotel catering staff. These roles offer the potential to progress into management if you work hard and show that you have the necessary skills and experience to take on more responsibility. Moreover, if you do decide to try a new role there is great deals of transferable skills that can be used across several different job roles in the hospitality industry. Employees working in this industry will also have to be prepared to work fairly long hours in some roles in order to prove themselves. For example Chefs and restaurant managers have to work long and sometime unsociable hours. Another advantage to working in the hospitality sector is jobs are available all ove r the country and they are not area specific. Obviously there is a large amount of appealing jobs available in London but there are hotels, restaurants and pubs all over the country. Therefore unless you specifically want to work in the hospitality industry in London then you will not have to relocate to get the job you want. Advantages Hospitality : everywhere, every city in the world requires a tendency for this sector and some G.K. a nice presentable personality a good team work meet new and new people, even they have something in common they want a personal touch good prospect when in the higher position recruit new people and train them mix with similar people like event management etc, dont be driven away by the limelights and glamours change to others for better pays Disadvantages The time factor is perhaps the biggest drawback to creating a blog. Blogs are easy to start but difficult to maintain. Publishing a good blog takes a significant amount of time. Of course, writing takes the most time, but you must also allow time for interacting with your readers.Related to the time factor is the risk of publishing a blog that damages your brands reputation. Fortunately, you can hedge against this by creating publishing guidelines for yourself and whoever is involved with the blog. On the other hand, it can be very dangerous to open your door to strangers for obvious reasons. For those of you who are guileless in your ways, I shall enlighten you to the ways of those that could prove to be a major threat to you if you are a hospitable, good natured person. Such people cannot help but take advantage of those who are vulnerable to them. Answer Question 2 Find out the factors that affecting travel and tourism. Explain in detail. Answer Question 2 Tour operators can be defined as providers and organizers of package holidays. They normally operate by making contracts with transport companies, airlines and hoteliers. After getting the contracts, they advertise assembled holidays. Travel agents are concerned with booking and advising customers. Travel agencies also sell travel related services and products to customers. They do this on behalf of tour companies, hotels, and airlines. Travel agents also deal with local tourists. They carry out travel arrangements for travelers. There are different types of travel agencies; they include Independent agencies, Miniples and Multiples. Tour operators and travel agents have continued to be dominant in the tourism sector. There are potential threats to travel agents to and tour operators especially in the hospitality and tourism sector. A close analysis to the travel and tourism industry shows that one of the potential threats to tour operators and travel agents is change in laws and poli cies. There are laws and policies that travel agents have to adhere to in carrying out their tasks. Every nation has got rules, laws, regulations, policies that directly affect tour guides. There is normally potential threat to tour operators when embassies give advisory policies to citizens not to travel due to factors like terrorism and bombing. When an embassy changes or advises citizens not to travel to a country due to various reasons, this becomes a threat to them because citizens normally adhere to such advice. It results to decrease in tourists and therefore their business actually slows down. Travel guides and tour operators normally help tourists to locate good hotels and tourist sites in the country. There are always instances when travel guides help tourists in locating such services but in the long run the tourists do not receive quality services. Tourists always communicate one to another and therefore this becomes bad publicity. Conclusion Cultural heritage is the essence of tourism in many destination areas worldwide. Every year, millions of people travel to view the Acropolis of Athens, the Colosseum in Rome and many other historic sites of international renown. These sites are of general interest to visitors, even though the visitors probably have no significant ties to the heritage sites that they visit. Although world heritage attractions draw large numbers of international and domestic tourists, for most foreign tourists these sites consist only a small part of a more extensive travel package. These attractions can evoke feelings of admiration, but they probably do not evoke feelings of personal attachment. Visits to historic sites are mostly motivated by the belief that such places (and the objects at these places) are linked to the remote past. In addition, millions of other people engage in travel to experience heritage of a more personal nature; most of the world s historic sites are not internationally known and only relatively few ever attract international tourists, except perhaps in combination with other relevant attractions. For every world renowned cultural attraction, there are hundreds of other not famous sites that are appreciated at a more local basis.

Cultural representation in the Media

Abstract The relationship between the media and culture has long been a topic of controversial debate. This study addresses this concern by evaluating two United Kingdom media outlets coverage of the same event throught the lens of cultural and ideology. With indications of continuous forms of societal influence and impact, the evidence in this study is a mix of case study and academic review. The results demonstrate a wide acceptance of cultural and institutional manipulation on the part of the media mechanism, with a clear recommendation to seek several separate reports of the same instance in order to feel fully informed. This study has the potential to be relevant to cultural and international integration studies. Introduction In our world of mass communication, media have made a very special place for itself in our lives. Representing cultures utilizing mass media such as television coverage, newspaper reporting and the technological advances of the internet has made communication among nations possible, yet, unique to each separate region and culture (Schaffner, 2008). Media plays a very significant role by allowing each separate population to experience the travails of the international community, through the lens of understandable context. Yet, the very nature of each of the unique cultures impacts the way in which the same event may be examined by the competing forms of media coverage (Schaffner, 2008). Base attitudes and approaches will differ depending on the societal expectations of the consumer population. This analysis will begin with a examination of the translations of an excerpt of Saddam Hussein’s trial by the Daily Telegraph and The Independent in 2004. Assessing the individual approach of each of these outlets will lead to a credible analysis of how these media approaches were used for different purposes. Following this segment, the study will turn to the role of translation in the production of news articles as well as the underlying dissemination of information. In the end, this study will have examined past practice, present implementation and future potential with the stated goal of determining the impact that cultural representation has in the media. Past efforts of Cultural Representation in the Media Every nation in the international arena possesses a media outlet that allows for a form of large scale communication (Venuti, 2012). Utilizing this media access allows for a wide range of critical national and societal initiatives to be widely disseminated among the relevant populations. The mass media play an important role in mediating between politicians and the general public (Venuti 2012)).This point illustrates that a main channel for political information to reach the intended target is from a form of modern media. The ability to read, view or listen to a report of the topic is commonly preferred to attending the actual event itself (Schaffner, 2008). The ability to compact information in a manner that can be quickly and easily digested by the consumer is a demonstration of the innate value of any form of media. However, the quality of the media content varies due to the translator, producer and consumer expectations relevant to that particular outlet (Schaffner, 2008). Both culture and media thrive on an inclusive relationship with the population (Zlatar, 2003). The underlying value that exists in the media outlet lies in their ability to reach the populace. The lack of a product that appeals to a large section of the target population lowers the value of the media outlet. Due to the increased drive to integrate on a global level cultural values and differences are increasingly visible and have the potential to impact every aspect of any media operation (Zlater, 2003). Language is the primary method that the media outlets reach their target audience, making the role of translator essential to their form of reporting (Zlater, 2003). News outlets and the process of interviewing people depend on the selection of translator and linguistic competence and preferences (Cecilia, 2009). When broadcasters speak foreign languages translation and interpretation are both crucial, and culturally influenced in the process of conveying the message (Zlater, 2003 ). The responsibility for correct translation and dissemination is entirely dependent on the knowledge, ideology and integrity of the media outlet. The UK media outlet the Daily Telegraph and The Independent in 2004, have each provided two culturally varied translations of the same context. Varied approaches to the same account in the media are an illustration of cultural representation and societal values as understood by the individual organizations (Schaffner, 2008). This is the very concept that creates the perception of differing media reports regarding the same series of events. Modern cultural representation in the Media â€Å"The media has, in fact, been called the fourth estate† (Schaffner and Bassnet, 2010). The speed in which a message has the ability to reach as wide an audience as possible determines the values of the media outlet (Schaffner and Bassnett, 2010). As the world wide culture has embraced innovation, technology has vastly increased the ability of the various forms of media to express their product. The accuracy and strategies of the translation are important in every case, whether it is in print, on screen or online with the media’s ideological and political leanings reflected in their product (Schaffner and Bassnett, 2010). Yet, taking account the political background of the resource and the media itself, there are cultural factors behind the translation and dissemination of information (Bielsa, 2007). While translation is nearly invisible in the media reports this does not mean there is cultural impartiality in the process of translation. Modern studies of media and their associated translation of material have grown significantly due to the role this mechanism serves in bridging gaps between cultures (Schaffner and Bassnett, 2010). Media enables communication across languages as well as the capacity to promote independent populations mutual understanding. The relation between media and translation occurs in a wide range of contexts such as the press, TV or the internet (Schaffner and Bassnett, 2010). Translation in every individual culture is a critical element in the media dissemination process that involves the direct interaction and understanding between cultures. News agencies commonly employ translation and select translators without knowing his or her ideological background (Magder, 2004). The quality of the translation in reporting news need to be taken into account by the news agency and the media due to the potential obstacles that can be created (Magder, 2004). Analysis: The media is argued to be viewed through a cultural perception (Bassnet, 2004). Each news item presented by the mass media, in any form, is only their unique representation and interpretation of the event, not necessarily the full or complete picture. Each person, reporter or journalist will experience the event in their own manner, producing their work according to their innate understanding (Bassnet, 2004). Utilizing the spoken word, literature and cultural instruments this unintentionally biased information is passed on to the consumer through the news outlet. The journalists and those who work to gather the information and eventually produce news are professional, yet, each person and organization is subject to their own ethical and value standards based on their cultural heritage (Bassnet, 2004). A priority must be placed on clear translation in the production of international news. This is an indication of importance for not only the translation functions, but also transferrin g the news across linguistic and cultural boundaries (Bassnet, 2004). In order to assess this concept this study will take the two examples of the translated excerpt from the trial of the former dictator of the Iraqi regime, Saddam Hussein. These passages have been translated, edited and then published in the Daily Telegraph as well as the Independent in 2004. Translation plays a fundamental role in the transfer of news around the world and at the same time different definitions of the translation are being used by both layperson and experts (Bassnet, 2004). This is a demonstration that items from one language cannot easily being replaced into another. The translator is transferring the meaning between languages, and cultural clarity is not always present as this process unfolds (Bassnet, 2004). The news reporter often includes non-practical parts or culturally biased elements of a story during the process of translation in order to meet the expectations of the consumers. The often varied and often diverse opinions present in the mass media indicate a need for universal ethics standards. The first edited transcript of the first court of the dictator Saddam Hussein which is published in the Independent: The Independent, 2 July 2004: The judge opened proceedings by asking Saddam for his name. Saddam. Hussein Majid, the president of the Republic of Iraq. The judge then asks his date of birth. Saddam: 1937 Judge: ProfessionFormer president of the Republic of Iraq? Saddam: No, present. Current. It’s the will of the people. Judge: The head of the Baath party that is dissolved, defunct. Former commander and chief of the army. Residence is Iraq. Your mother’s name? Saddam: Sobha, you also have to introduce yourself to me. Judge: Mr Saddam, I am the investigative judge of the central court of Iraq. Saddam: So that I have to know, you are investigative judge of the central court of IraqWhat resolution, what law formed this court? The judge’s response could not be heard. The Daily Telegraph, 2 July 2004: Judge: Are you the former president of Iraq? Saddam: I am Saddam Hussein, president of Iraq. Judge: (to court clerk): put down â€Å"former† in brackets. Saddam: I am the president of the republic so you should not stripe me of my title to put me on trial. Judge: You are the ex-leader of Iraq and the ex-leader of the dissolved armed forces. Were you the leader of the Ba’ath party and head of the armed forces? Saddam: Yes. I’ve introduced myself to you but you haven’t introduced yourself to me. So who are you. Judge: I am a judge of the criminal court of Iraq. Saddam: So you repress Iraqis under the orders of the coalition> Do you represent the American coalition? Reading both edited transcriptions that had been published in in the competing British newspapers in 2004 prodcued several interesting questions. To what extent do these printed versions differWhat cultural factors play a role in this differenceWhy are they different in terms of information and the structure of the question The first version, which is published in the Independent, says that the judge’s response could not be heard, while in the second version the judge is clearly heard giving instruction to the court clerk. This attention or lack of attention to detail is an indication of cultural awareness (Bassnet, 2004). After the event was over, the translator’s text was compared to the official transcript which illustrated that information was missing and that this text did not contain every element of the conversation. Bassnett (2004) states that during the hearings and sessions the translators are busy producing their own versions. This is an indication that medi a outlets are heavily dependent on the transcripts of the translator. This point of influence on the part of the translator is very important, as each cultural interpretation depends on the message (Bassnett 2004). Further in the event the judge asks for his mother’s name, but in the Daily Telegraph this point is not mentioned. How far we should trust the translators and the subsequent reporting by the mediaThis process of questionable translation is common in a country similar to Iraq which contains different religions and political backgrounds (Bassnett 2004). The ability to find a quality person to fill the role of translator is difficult due to the cultural affiliation to inherent differences in the views of their associated political parties. Another notable difference between both versions, and cultural approaches, is that the person in the first version is a powerful judge that refers to Saddam’s role as a former chief of the army, while in the second version the same concept is approached as a form of a question. This is a clear demonstration of cultural separation due to the interpretation of the event by the separate media outlets (Bassnett 2004). Each news agency has different policies, conventions and styles in their production of news which highlight these differences. Within every individual organization will be an understanding that is based on information passed between cultures (Bassnett, 2004). The cultural differences become more visible as we read, with more transcripts available in Appendix A. According to the Independent, Saddam refused to sign the documents and both he and the judge were quarrelling about that. The Daily Telegraph reported this same set fo occurences differently. This is direct cultural reflection of the mood the readers expected to see and the willingness of the outlet to accomodate this (Bassnett, 2004). The Independent approached this in a more adversarial nature, while the Daily Telegraph sought to portray Saddam has more approachable. Moreover, Saddam’s remark in his final comment with the guards that was not recorded in the Independent version is a further indication of the cultural dissemination of information based on the demands of the readers (Bassnett, 2004). The remark in the Telegraph enabled a sense of pity to be communicated culturally, while the absence of this element in the Independent eliminated this. Discussion Despite the fact that we have two different English translations of a transcript in a court session that took place in Arabic, different edited and translation processes have taken place based on the cultural ideologies (Bassnett, 2004). The strategies of the translation that were used for the Independent are more likely to be culturally foreign to the UK as well as much more complex. Due to the nature of the associated readership, this outlet documents the many challenges that Saddam made to the judges, detailing the adversarial nature of the proceedings. Conversely, the culture associated with the Daily Telegraph expects another variety of reporting, a kinder and wider approach to the story. The version of the same set of events in the Daily Telegraph is shorter and domesticated, a hallmark of the method in which the populace absorbs information (Bassnett, 2004). Saddam in this version does not appear as a former dictator but like a simple man who addresses the judge through his answers and attitudes. Saddam uses (would) which is a question word that often begins a lot of questions and ask for something. This is a direct representation of the cultural influence present in the writing; the underlying effort is to portray Saddam as demonstrating a gentle quality in the courtroom by saying â€Å"I am not interfering with your responsibilities†. This is a form of outreach that is directly related to the cultural need to empathize with Saddam (Bassnett, 2004). The role played by the translation of material in international news provides the link between politics and the media in both cultures (Bassnett, 2004). The elements revealed by the media outlets will be utilized to galvanize the populace in one form or fashion, thereby driving the governmental approach. Media reports about political events are always forms of re-contextualisation, and any re-contextualisation involves transformation and translation (Schaffner and Bassnett, 2010). Each of the separate cultures will have a unique interpretation of these elements. Cultural difference commonly occurs when a text is shifted for obscure political purposes or the translator attempts to skew the meaning in a way to serve the affiliated party. This form of cultural bias by the translator may have a great impact in the transfer of the meaning and the gist of the discourse and the message, thereby creating substantial obstacles (Schaffner and Bassnett, 2010). Each of the media outlets as well as the underling cultures approaches the aspects of reporting and journalists’ ethics as an intensive research need (Schaffner and Bassnett. 2010). Subjectivity and loyalty to the source text and ethics has a direct impact on the quality of media products, yet the quantity of each component rests in the values of the culture. This fact reflects the desire for the news agency and media outlet to maintain cultural and national credibility at every level (Schaffner and Bassnett, 2010). This is achieved through the accurate portrayal of world events through the lens of the associated cultural expectations. The international community depends on the media in terms of gaining information about the political state and cultural values and all socio-cultural norms (Schaffner and Bassnett, 2010). Yet, every story must be interpreted utilizing the known population variables that lie behind each writer. In countries where governments interfere with the freedom of the press and sometimes the lack of freedom of expression occur, the media cannot broadcast and work independently (Poyatos, 1997). The culture of a nation will be familiar with the limits, thereby creating an unspoken form of boundaries. This regulatory environment can become another impediment to the accuracy of the translation (Poyatos, 1997). As news about a country is published in various newspapers some adjustments and reshaping is done due to the oversight environment, culture and ideology. A possible solution for this condition would be to create an environment in which no government should intervene into the media affairs and media should be totally independent (Poyatos, 1997). However, the values of the writers, publishers and readers will have to be taken in to continuous consideration. Public relations professionals help to shape news content in national and local news media, based on the values of the consumers (Fletcher 2006; Franklin 1997). Due to the changes in political situations and relations between countries the news content might not be addressed exactly in every case, as illustrated by the Telegraph and Independent study. This is a reflection of the cultural constraints that must be taken into account for each individual nation in order to continually meet each unique regional need (Franklin, 1997). Freedom of the press does not mean the independence of any media channel; governments and the population are responsible for laying the foundation for a fruitful relationship between media the freedom of expression. In Conclusion Translation plays a fundamental role in the transfer of different types of news around the world. The veracity of the translation and truthfulness of the translator are matters of primary concern. The societal values and cultural differences of the authors, editors and organization are exposed with every article or broadcast. From the perspective of translation studies this lack of cohesiveness is an issue and has the potential to have substantial ramifications both politically and culturally. The relationship between culture and media is one of inclusion, very much related to each other. In addition, media confers the capacity to reach a large audience in a manner that is efficient and effective. Mass media has, and will continue to have an impact on every person in each nation in the form of Internet, printing papers, Televisions and radios. The information and news passing between different cultures via the media are reshaped, reinterpreted and then republished. Therefore, transforming media representations entails a new way of thinking about media practice. Media as a communication tool should be situated as institutions that allow for cultural development and the protection of cultural diversity. Further, mass media institutions need to be aware every aspect of the cultural contraints and expectations of the underlying society. Yet, in the end, as in all things, it lies with the reader, viewer or person subject to the media report to judge independantly the veracity of the opinion. References Bassnett, S. (2004). â€Å"Trusting reporters†: What exactly did Saddam sayThe Linguist, 43(6).176-178. Bielsa, E. (2007). â€Å"Translation in global news agencies†. Target 19(1). 135–155. Wadensjo , C ? (2009). â€Å"Clinton’s Laughter: On Translation and Communication in TV News†. CTIS Occasional papers (Maltby. Ed.) Vole 4 Fletcher, K. (2006). â€Å"A Fine Line between Journalism and PR in Media† Franklin, B. (1997). â€Å"Newszak and News Media†. London Magder, T. (2004). â€Å"Transnational media, intercultural trade and the idea of cultural diversity†. Continuum: Journal of Media and Cultural Studies, 18 (3), 380–397. Poyatos, F. (1997). Nonverbal communication and translation. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Schaffner, C. (2008). ‘The Prime Minister said †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢: Voices in translated political texts†. In: SYNAPS Fagsprak, Kommunikasjon, Kulturkunnskap 22/2008 (University Bergen), pp. 3-25. Schaffner, C. and Bassnett, S. (2010). â€Å"Political Discourse, Media and Translation† Cambridge Scholars Publishing. Venuti, L. (2012). The Translator’s Invisibility. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. Zlatar, A. (2003). â€Å"The role of the media as an instrument of cultural policy, an inter-level facilitator and image promoter†: Amsterdam & ECUMEST Association, Bucharest.

The Significance of Mother-Daughter Relationships in Amy...

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African American With Stage Iv Colon Cancer - 1847 Words

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